S. - L.  Varvio-Aho and Pamilo, P., ?Genetic structure of nests in the ant Formica sanguinea?, Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, vol. 6, pp. 91-98, 1979.

S. - L.  Varvio-Aho, Pamilo, P., and Pekkarinen, A., ? Evolutionary genetics of social wasps (Hymenoptera, Vespidae: Vespula)?, Insectes Sociaux, vol. 31, pp. 375-386, 1984.

A.  Pekkarinen, Varvio-Aho, S. - L., and Pamilo, P., ?Evolutionary relationships in northern European Bombus and Psithyrus species (Hymenoptera, Apidae) studied on the basis of allozymes?, Annales Entomologici Fennici, vol. 45, pp. 77-80, 1979.

A.  Pekkarinen, Pamilo, P., and Varvio-Aho, S. - L., ?Genetisk enzymatisk polymorfism hos steklar (särskilt apider: dess förekomst och användbarhet inom taxonomin?, Norw. J. Ent., vol. 25, pp. 86-87, 1978.

P.  Pamilo, Vepsäläinen, K., Rosengren, R., Varvio-Aho, S. - L., and Pisarski, B., ?Population genetics of Formica ants II. Genic differentiation between species?, Annales Entomologici Fennici, vol. 45, pp. 65-76, 1979.

P.  Pamilo, Vepsäläinen, K., Rosengren, R., Varvio-Aho, S. - L., and Pisarski, B., ? Population genetics of Formica ants I. Patterns of enzyme gene variation?, vol. 89, pp. 233-248, 1978.

P.  Pamilo, Varvio-Aho, S. - L., and Pekkarinen, A., ?Genetic variation in bumblebees (Bombus, Psithyrus) and putative sibling species Bombus lucorum?, Hereditas, vol. 101, pp. 245-251, 1984.

P.  Pamilo, Varvio-Aho, S. - L., and Pekkarinen, A., ? Low enzyme gene variability in Hymenoptera as a consequence of haplodiploidy?, Hereditas, vol. 88, pp. 93-99, 1978.

P.  Pamilo, Pekkarinen, A., and Varvio-Aho, S. - L., ?Phylogenetic relatonships and the origin of social parasitism in Vespidae and and in Bombus and Psithyrus as revealed by enzyme genes?, in  Teoksessa:  Howse, P.E. & Clement, J.-L. (toim.), Biosystematics of social insects. Systematics Assoc. Spec. 19: 37-48., 1981.

S. - L.  Varvio-Aho, ? Genetic structure of nests in the ant Formica sanguinea?, Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol., vol. 6, pp. 91-98, 1979.